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pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào
Pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào? Nguồn điện bền vững cho các doanh nghiệp tại Việt Nam

Với nhu cầu năng lượng ngày càng tăng, đặc biệt từ các phương tiện giao thông điện, việc tìm kiếm nguồn năng lượng sạch, bền vững là vô cùng cấp thiết. Và mặt trời, ngôi sao gần gũi nhất của chúng ta, chính là câu trả lời cho bài toán năng lượng của tương lai. Cùng tìm hiểu những câu hỏi cơ bản về tế bào quang điện là gì, tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời là gì và pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào?

 

Tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời là gì?

Tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời là thiết bị thu năng lượng từ bức xạ mặt trời và chuyển hóa thành điện năng có thể sử dụng được. Những tế bào quang điện riêng lẻ với kích thước nhỏ sẽ được kết nối điện với nhau, gọi là mô-đun, những mô-đun này đóng gói vào một khung và được gọi là tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời.

Nhờ cấu trúc mô-đun này, các hệ thống năng lượng mặt trời có thể được xây dựng để đáp ứng hầu hết mọi nhu cầu điện năng, từ nhỏ của các hộ dân đến lớn như trên mái nhà xưởng, thậm chí là trang trại điện mặt trời.

pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào

Cấu tạo của pin năng lượng mặt trời

Cấu tạo của pin năng lượng mặt trời gồm:

  1. Tế bào quang điện: Như đã giải thích ở phần “Tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời là gì?” các tấm pin này được cấu tạo từ nhiều tế bào quang điện. Các tế bào này thường được làm từ silicon.
  2. Lớp kính bảo vệ: Kính bảo vệ (hay còn gọi là Kính phía trước) là phần nặng nhất của mô-đun quang điện và có chức năng bảo vệ và đảm bảo độ chắc chắn cho toàn bộ mô-đun quang điện, duy trì độ trong suốt cao
  3. Tấm nền: Theo đúng nghĩa đen đây là tấm ở mặt sau để làm nền. Nó được làm từ vật liệu nhựa có chức năng cách điện, bảo vệ và che chắn các tế bào quang điện khỏi thời tiết và độ ẩm.
  4. Lớp EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate) hay còn được gọi là chất kết dính, đóng vai trò như chất kết dính giữa các lớp khác nhau của tấm pin PV. Chúng có khả năng chịu đựng nhiệt độ tốt và có độ bền cực kỳ cao giúp tạo ra một môi trường cách điện và bảo vệ tế bào quang điện khỏi bị ẩm ướt và các tác nhân bên ngoài khác.
  5. Khung pin: Khung thường được làm bằng nhôm và có chức năng đảm bảo độ bền và kết nối thiết thực và an toàn với mô-đun quang điện, giúp dễ dàng lắp đặt trên mái nhà hoặc các vị trí khác.
  6. Hộp nối: Các dây dẫn nối liền các tế bào quang điện với nhau, giúp dẫn điện ra ngoài để sử dụng.

pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào

Pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào? 

Câu trả lời đơn giản nhất cho câu hỏi “pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào“chính là dựa trên hiện tượng quang điện hay còn gọi là công nghệ quang điện. Các tấm pin năng lượng mặt trời còn được gọi là tấm pin quang điện (tiếng anh là photovoltaic, viết tắt là PV). Như tên gọi của chúng (photo có nghĩa là “ánh sáng” và voltaic có nghĩa là “điện”), chúng chuyển đổi ánh sáng mặt trời trực tiếp thành điện năng sử dụng công nghệ quang điện (solar photovoltaic).

Khi ánh sáng mặt trời chiếu vào các tế bào quang điện, năng lượng từ ánh sáng sẽ làm giải phóng các electron trong các nguyên tử của vật liệu bán dẫn trong các tế bào này. Khi các electron này di chuyển tự do, chúng tạo thành dòng điện. Kết quả là, năng lượng ánh sáng mặt trời đã được chuyển đổi thành điện năng, cung cấp nguồn điện sạch và tái tạo cho gia đình hoặc các công trình sử dụng. Và đó là những kiến thức cơ bản về pin mặt trời hoạt động như thế nào .

Cách lắp đặt hệ thống pin năng lượng mặt trời 2025

Để thúc đẩy nhanh quá trình chuyển đổi năng lượng bền vững, GreenYellow – đơn vị đầu tư năng lượng mặt trời hàng đầu tại Pháp với hơn 18 năm kinh nghiệm – cung cấp giải pháp toàn diện Năng Lượng Mặt Trời (Solar PPA) , giải pháp đầu tư hệ thống lạnh công nghiệp và hệ thống pin lưu trữ  tại Việt Nam. Gói giải pháp này cũng hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp trong và ngoài nước tham gia và hưởng lợi từ cơ chế DPPA.

Bên cạnh đó, GreenYellow cũng là đối tác uy tín hỗ trợ các doanh nghiệp đăng ký Chứng minh Chỉ I-REC tại Việt Nam, giúp doanh nghiệp đáp ứng các tiêu chuẩn quốc tế về giảm phát thải carbon. Nếu bạn và doanh nghiệp đang hướng đến các giải pháp về năng lượng mặt trời, xin hãy liên hệ với GreenYellow Việt Nam.

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hệ thống lạnh công nghiệp là gì
What is an Industrial Refrigeration System? Components and Applications

We encounter residential cooling systems daily, such as home air conditioners, and commercial refrigeration systems in supermarkets and shopping malls. But what about industrial refrigeration systems? Let’s explore their components and applications in commercial and industrial sectors with GreenYellow!

 

What is an industrial refrigeration system?

An industrial refrigeration system is a set of equipment designed to cool or maintain stable temperatures in industrial processes, including production, storage, and transportation of goods. The key difference between industrial refrigeration systems and residential cooling systems lies in their size, capacity, and operational requirements.

With increasingly advanced technology, industrial refrigeration systems not only help preserve product quality but also play a crucial role in energy savings and enhancing production efficiency.

 

Components of an industrial refrigeration system

hệ thống lạnh công nghiệp là gì

Components of an industrial refrigeration system:

  1. Industrial Air Compressor: This component is responsible for compressing refrigerant gas, increasing its pressure to facilitate cooling. See more types of refrigeration compressors here.
  2. Condenser: The refrigerant gas is cooled and condensed into liquid form in this unit.
  3. Evaporator: Absorbs heat from the surrounding air, lowering the temperature of the designated cooling space.
  4. Piping System: Transfers the refrigerant liquid between the condenser and evaporator.
  5. Temperature Control & Sensors: Ensure stable temperature regulation throughout the operation.
  6. Fan: Circulates air within the system.

 

Applications of Industrial Refrigeration Systems

Industrial refrigeration systems play a crucial role in various industries, ensuring product quality and maintaining stable production processes. Below are some key applications across different sectors.

Healthcare & Pharmaceuticals

In the medical field, industrial refrigeration systems are essential for preserving medicines, vaccines, and other temperature-sensitive medical products. Cold storage facilities and industrial refrigeration systems help maintain ideal conditions, ensuring product effectiveness and safety.

Frozen Food Processing

Industrial cooling systems is indispensable in the food industry, especially in freezing fruits and seafood. According to the Ho Chi Minh City Energy Conservation Center (ECC HCMC), energy costs rank third in the seafood value chain, with refrigeration accounting for up to 70% of total electricity consumption.

To improve efficiency, companies like Bạc Liêu Seafood JSC have invested in upgrading their industrial refrigeration system , while Relifoods has adopted energy-saving solutions to enhance their IQF, frozen food production.

 

Retail Chains

Refrigeration systems in retail and shopping centers serve multiple purposes - creating a comfortable environment for customers and preserving perishable goods to ensure freshness and quality.

For example, Mega Market partnered with GreenYellow to optimize energy usage, saving 17,153 billion VND in electricity costs over ten years and reducing energy consumption by 13.59%, improving overall supermarket efficiency.

Other

Beyond food and retail, industrial refrigeration systems are critical in various fields: Data centers require cooling solutions to maintain optimal conditions for servers and IT infrastructure. Chemical manufacturing relies on cooling systems to regulate temperatures in production processes, preventing uncontrolled chemical reactions due to excessive heat.

Now you have a better grasp of industrial refrigeration systems - their key components and real-world applications. Understanding their role helps businesses make smarter choices, cutting down on operational and production costs.

With 17 years of global experience, GreenYellow has been the trusted partner for industrial refrigeration upgrades and enhancements in Vietnam. Our tailored financial & technical solutions let you focus on growing your business while we handle your energy needs.

Get in touch with GreenYellow Vietnam for a free consultation today!

 

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giải pháp lưu trữ năng lượng
Battery Energy Storage Systems: A Smart Investment for Maximum Profit

The rapid growth of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) and fluctuating electricity prices are driving businesses to adopt smarter energy strategies. Since early 2023, Vietnam Electricity (EVN) has increased electricity prices by 12.5% within just 18 months - making cost-effective energy management more critical than ever. So, how can businesses invest in battery energy storage systems for maximum efficiency?

3 Benefits of investing in Battery Energy Storage Systems

As challenges in maintaining grid stability continue to rise, the demand for energy storage systems to minimize costs and enhance energy efficiency becomes increasingly urgent. Investing in an energy storage system is a strategic move that allows businesses to maximize profits in an ever-changing energy market.

Battery Energy Storage Systems enables the storage of electricity when prices are low and its use during peak hours when prices soar. This not only significantly reduces operating costs but also optimizes energy usage, improving long-term economic efficiency.

dau tu giai phap luu tru nang luong nhu the nao 2 GreenYellow Việt Nam | Shift To Profitable Energy

How to Invest in Battery Energy Storage Systems for maximum efficiency

There are 2 common investment approaches for deploying a BESS system: the first is to carry it out yourself through installation contractors, and the second is to partner with a comprehensive energy investment provider such as GreenYellow.

1. Self-investment

With the self-investment approach, you have full control over the project—from equipment selection, design, and construction to operation and maintenance. However, the investment cost for an energy storage system is high, and the installation process requires contractors with technical expertise and in-depth understanding of the system. Therefore, finding reputable and suitable partners can be time-consuming and costly.

2. Partnering with a comprehensive energy solutions provider

An alternative approach is to collaborate with an energy solutions provider offering 0-CAPEX upfront investment. In this model, all equipment, design, installation, operation, and maintenance are handled by a third party under contractual agreements, ensuring alignment with business needs. This model is similar to solar power installation through investment partners.

Investing through a comprehensive energy solution provider eliminates the pressures of cost, technical complexities, and operational concerns, while ensuring system performance and maintenance. This is considered a financially flexible solution for your business, allowing you to allocate capital and resources to core business activities instead of making large investments to develop a BESS system on your own.

Read more: Ways to jump-start the energy transition in Vietnam

Integrating Battery Energy Storage Systems with solar power systems

giải pháp lưu trữ năng lượng

GreenYellow has developed energy storage solutions and is currently piloting its first projects in Vietnam. As your trusted energy partner, we offer cutting-edge Battery Energy Storage Systems solutions tailored to your business needs.

With models like Battery as a Service (BaaS) and Power Purchase Agreements (DPPA or Solar PPA) that provide 100% capital funding, you can store excess solar power (or other energy sources) and optimize your energy strategy. By working with us, you can achieve significant energy cost savings while focusing on their core operations. Our team ensures a seamless experience, from design and installation to operation and maintenance, executed with professionalism and efficiency.

Don’t let rising electricity costs impact your bottom line. Contact us today to explore how our energy storage solutions can help your business save more and grow smarter.

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What is IPCC CO2 Emissions? CO2 emission factors by energy type.
What Is IPCC CO2 Emission? Carbon Dioxide Emissions Of Various Fuels

To reduce emissions and achieve environmental goals, the first step is to measure the carbon footprint of both you and your business. Calculating CO2 emissions is the initial step in assessing energy consumption and its environmental impact. So, what is the CO2 emission factor, and how is it calculated?

 

What is IPCC CO2 Emission?

The CO2 emission factor according to the IPCC is an index used to measure the amount of greenhouse gas emissions, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2), released when generating a specific amount of electricity. A common unit for expressing the emission factor is tons of CO2 per megawatt-hour (tCO2/MWh) or tons of CO2 equivalent per megawatt-hour (tCO2e/MWh).

The CO2 emission factor reflects the level of CO2 emitted into the environment per unit of energy produced or consumed. A lower or decreasing CO2 emission factor over time indicates that the electricity grid is relying more on clean energy sources such as solar and wind power, rather than fossil fuels like coal or natural gas, which have higher emission factors.

he-so-phat-thai-khi-nha-kinh-theo-cac-loai-nang-luong-greenyellow-vietnam
Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors by Different Power Generation Types

 

What is the emission factor of Vietnam's national power grid?

We know what the CO2 emission factor according to the IPCC is, but what is the emission factor of Vietnam's national power grid? In Vietnam, the emission factor of the national power grid is announced annually by the Department of Climate Change under the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment. Below is a table summarizing the greenhouse gas emission factors of Vietnam's power grid from 2014 to 2022.

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Hệ số phát thải lưới điện Việt Nam

Currently, there is no official data available for the latest figures. However, you can refer to an article by Dr. Lê Hải Hưng from Hanoi University of Science and Technology, which estimates that the greenhouse gas emission factor of Vietnam’s power grid in 2023 will be 0.6559 tCO₂/MWh.

From 2015 to 2020, the construction of coal and gas-fired power plants led to an increase in the emission factor. However, since 2021, as solar and wind energy began to take up a larger share of the energy mix, this factor has decreased.

According to the VIII Power Development Plan, with the goal of gradually reducing the use of fossil fuel-based power sources and moving towards full reliance on renewable energy to achieve the Net-Zero target by 2050, we can expect that the greenhouse gas emission factor of Vietnam’s power grid will continue to decrease. This means that our electricity will become cleaner, contributing to environmental protection and mitigating the impacts of climate change.

Renewable Energy: The Key to Reducing CO2 Emission Factors

Based on the CO2 emission factor data from the IPCC, renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are clearly playing a critical role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. A life cycle assessment (LCA) study from the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) shows that transitioning from coal to renewable energy can reduce CO2 emissions by hundreds of millions of tons each year, significantly contributing to slowing climate change.

This result confirms that solar energy is one of the cleanest energy sources when considering its entire life cycle. To mitigate the impacts of climate change, transitioning from coal to renewable energy sources, especially solar power, is an essential step toward a more sustainable future.

Sơ đồ so sánh tác động môi trường trong suốt vòng đời của năng lượng mặt trời (PV) và than đá. Nguồn: NREL
Sơ đồ so sánh tác động môi trường trong suốt vòng đời của năng lượng mặt trời (PV) và than đá. Nguồn: NREL

Unleashing Green Potential with Comprehensive Energy Solutions

After reading this article, we now understand what the CO2 emission factor according to the IPCC is. On the journey to a sustainable future, GreenYellow is proud to offer comprehensive solutions that support efficient green transitions and minimize greenhouse gas emissions. With our all-inclusive solar energy solution, available with 0 CAPEX, you will save significantly on electricity costs starting from the first month, while also receiving the international I-REC certification, which affirms your company's commitment to using renewable energy.

GreenYellow is committed to supporting businesses throughout the project lifecycle—from developing a comprehensive emission reduction roadmap, implementation, and permitting, to system operation and maintenance. Contact us now for quick assistance with the optimal energy solution for your business!

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loi-ich-cua-trach-nhiem-xa-hoi-cua-doanh-nghiep-tai-viet-nam-greenyellow
5 Game-Changing Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility

In today’s fast-paced world, consumers, partners, and employees are no longer just looking at the price tag – they’re also evaluating companies based on their commitment to making a positive impact on the world. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is not just a buzzword, it’s a powerful tool that can set your business apart. In our previous article, we explored the role of CSR in businesses, but today, let’s dive into the real benefits that CSR can bring to the table.

What are the types of Corporate Social Responsibility?

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) involves activities aimed at making a positive contribution to the community, protecting the environment, and ensuring social welfare. In the community aspect, these activities include supporting charitable projects, education, healthcare, improving the lives of vulnerable groups, and building infrastructure such as schools and hospitals.
On the social front, businesses ensure the rights of workers by providing a safe and fair working environment while offering career development opportunities through training programs. Companies also focus on initiatives that support vulnerable groups in society.
Regarding the environment, businesses commit to reducing emissions, using renewable energy, and recycling to protect ecosystems. They also implement energy-saving measures to contribute to sustainable development. 

Những hoạt động trách nhiệm xã hội của doanh nghiệp - CSR

Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility

Benefits of Corporate Social Responsibility include

  1. Boost your brand image and reputation

When your company commits to CSR, it sends a strong message to customers and partners that you care about more than just profit. By investing in environmental sustainability and community initiatives, you not only help make the world a better place but also position your brand as trustworthy and responsible.

Read more: GreenYellow Vietnam CSR Commitments

  1. Attract and retain top talent

Today’s workforce isn’t just looking for a paycheck - they want to work for a company that aligns with their values. Adopting CSR initiatives, your business becomes a magnet for top talent who share your vision.

  1. Strengthen community and government relationships

One of the most rewarding benefits of CSR is the positive impact it has on your relationship with local governments and communities. When companies like yours implement effective CSR strategies, it fosters trust, improves cooperation, and helps create a better business environment.

  1. Unlock new business opportunities and markets

CSR opens doors. By engaging in socially responsible initiatives, your business can expand into new markets, attract like-minded partners, and collaborate with other brands that value sustainability. Plus, your commitment to green practices will make your products more attractive to eco-conscious consumers.

  1. Secure financial support and investor trust

Investors are increasingly looking for companies that demonstrate a commitment to sustainable and socially responsible practices. When your company integrates CSR into its core strategy, you enhance your credibility, build trust with investors, and position yourself as a secure, long-term investment.

 

Building a sustainable future with CSR

The benefits of corporate social responsibility aren’t just about financial gains – they’re about creating a meaningful legacy. With GreenYellow’s expertise, you can ensure that your business not only thrives economically but also contributes to a better, greener world.

Our energy solutions, with zero upfront invesment, will help you reduce operational expenses while earning internationally recognized certifications like I-REC. Let us help you build your green business reputation and secure a sustainable future.

 

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5 Smart Energy Saving Solutions to Future-Proof Your Supermarket Chain
5 Smart Energy Saving Solutions to Future-Proof Your Supermarket Chain

In response to rising electricity costs and increasing financial pressures, particularly on retail supermarket chains in Vietnam, it is crucial to identify effective energy-saving solutions for your supermarket chain. Following the insights in this article, your supermarket chain will not only save costs but also enhance operational efficiency in 2024!

Here are 5 smart energy saving solutions for your supermarket chain:

1. Energy Audit

Energy auditing is a fundamental but crucial step that cannot be overlooked. Understanding current electricity usage, analyzing consumption levels, and identifying energy-intensive sources will help us determine suitable energy conservation measures. Working with major supermarket chains in Vietnam, GreenYellow has identified three systems with high electricity consumption: refrigeration systems, Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems, and lighting systems.

2. Upgrading Refrigeration Systems

One of the largest sources of energy consumption for supermarket chains is the refrigeration and freezing system. Therefore, GreenYellow recommends upgrading refrigeration equipment to optimize efficiency and reduce electricity consumption. By using equipment with new technology, the refrigeration system will achieve higher efficiency, ensuring energy cost savings and contributing to environmental protection.
Recently, GreenYellow carried out a Refrigeration Upgrade project for Bac Lieu Seafood Joint Stock Company, including replacing refrigeration compressorselectrical cables, and some poorly performing equipment. This upgrade project helped the client address energy saving solutionenergy-saving challenges, reducing electricity consumption by approximately 1MWh and reducing CO2.

3. HVAC Retrofit

Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning HVAC system systems play a crucial role in maintaining comfortable air conditions within supermarkets. Improving HVAC systems by replacing equipment, using smart, advanced devices to regulate temperature, and ensuring energy-efficient working environments will significantly reduce energy consumption and optimize operations.
In an Energy Efficiency project with the Mega Market supermarket chain, GreenYellow improved the HVAC system by replacing Condensing Units (CDUs) and Air Handling Units (AHUs). The new CDUs operate with more efficient components, allowing the system to achieve equivalent performance with lower energy consumption, thereby achieving significant energy cost savings.

4. Lighting Systems Replacement

When designing lighting systems for large spaces such as supermarkets, besides designing suitable lighting for each merchandise area, we need to pay attention to energy-saving and lighting efficiency. GreenYellow proposes retrofitting lighting systems with LED lights to reduce electricity consumption, maintenance costs, and be environmentally friendly. According to the National Program for Energy Efficiency, after replacing all fluorescent lights with LED lights, Mega Market Thang Long supermarket reduce electricity consumption by 38%.

5. Implementing Energy Management Systems

Finally, to ensure continuous energy efficiency and savings, supermarket chains should invest in energy management systemsThrough energy management, you gain a better understanding of electricity consumption levels at your facilities in real-time, helping to identify electrical issues early, thereby reducing operational costs and improving electricity usage efficiency.

Exclusive for Supermarket Chains Comprehensive Energy Efficiency Solutions from GreenYellow

With 17 years of expertise in Energy Efficiency solutionsGreenYellow is proud to be the expert in providing comprehensive solutions that reduce energy costs, optimize equipment, and minimize carbon footprints for clients without requiring capital investment. GreenYellow's process is meticulously executed, starting with a detailed energy audit to identify the appropriate energy-saving solutions, followed by the optimization and upgrading of your equipment—all with zero investment costs.

Furthermore, GreenYellow provides customers with Energy Monitoring/Management Systems, ensuring easy access to system performance data. Throughout project execution, we continuously monitor energy consumption and equipment performance, ensuring efficiency, and commit to sharing the savings profitably.

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